Tuesday, September 30, 2008

With Varied Thought Comes Varied Opposition

In a time of terror, people need assurance from their political leaders about their security and future. In King James’ case, what he had to do was to unite England’s different religious beliefs through a common text. “needed a version of the scriptures that would bind together its people, its church and its king.” –Pg. 107 In this chapter, we can also see that King James’s ideals and thoughts were completely genuine and accepting in what had to do with different religions and beliefs. “‘I will never allow in my conscience’, he had written to Cecil, ‘that the blood of any man shall be shed for diversity of opinions in religion.’” –Pg. 108 King James was very different from other current political leaders which completely destroy and devastate a region because of an attack to a country’s security.

I also think that this chapter tries to show the effect a terrible event, attempting against a nation’s security, has on its government. Some people just need a problem to make it the event of the century, because their main goal is to harm and look at the bad side of things, taking revenge as their only weapon but others are able to resolve problems through words and intelligent ideas which in my opinion are more valuable than aggressiveness and mass destruction. In that time in England we can also see a classical response to this type of situation, harming a specific person to cause terror in the nation, therefore making it an escalating “eye for an eye” situation, that will never end. King James had just the right wisdom to de-escalate violence by using logic, serenity and reason. Even though he didn’t want any innocent people dying for unjustified causes, the nation’s decision lied in the judges hands. “because, quite clearly, this was a good man killed for no good reason.” –Pg. 116 People all over the world have died because of unjustified causes which has always been one of humanities main problems, learning how to listen, appreciate and understand another’s culture and ideas.

Monday, September 29, 2008

Two Opposites for One Nation

King James’s story isn’t a happy quest through the adventures of life but his success at reaching England’s throne shows us how we can reach anything we work for. Always be careful of what you wish for, because it may become true. After England becoming a conservative and in much need-of-change nation, James arrives, breaking every preconceived idea of how a king should be. “no distant image of a king but a king who’s task, as God’s lieutenant, was to resolve and unify the tensions and fractures of the kingdom.” –Pg. 6 Having suffered all of his youth and reign in Scotland he achieves his dream of becoming England’s king. The newly anointed King James goes on a quest to find what he was going to do with all of his power. “James left Edinburgh for a journey through his new kingdom.” –Pg. 12

His calm, observing personality became a giving and naïve energy which other people fully exploited. Even in trouble, he was able to continue fighting for his dream of unity of the United Kingdom but people were used to Elizabeth’s rule and conservationism which made for great opposition and testing, as any new idea or reality always goes through in this human world. “Unity and togetherness was his dream.” –Pg. 13 His amazing life is that of a predestined soul whose vision goes beyond any fear of death, rejection or failure. James’s life is a perfect example of how perseverance and applied effort will always win in any case and how one has to stick to ones ideals, think for ones own and not be influenced by the negative side of one’s culture or family. England was needing change, and that is what it received through a controversial, visionary and destined person who had lived and transformed the country and its inhabitants more, in fewer years, than England had changed in all its monarchies.

Sunday, September 28, 2008

A Translation of the Divine

Nicholas Adams makes an introduction to a silent but important book of which we don’t know much of. He describes that its uncertainness makes it so illuminating for the time in which it is written. “But that virtual anonymity is the power of the book. The translation these men made together can lay claim to be the greatest work in prose ever written in English.” –Pg. xi
It shows how the time in which it was translated couldn’t have been better because of the importance of detail, the love for antiquity and their quest for truth. This time resembled that in which the original was lived and written. “Their subject was neither ancient nor modern, but both or either. It was the universal text.” –Pg. xii

It lacks the search of self-promotion and isn’t accountable of any type or influence of the translator’s ego. They didn’t even want to be known throughout history for having been the creators but instead as the Translators of King James Bible. Nicholas Adams explains that they took as a model Tyndale who had done a good job but wasn’t perfect. He shows how we as authors are always looking for previous models to be able to improve their jobs instead of doing everything all over again. If they took Tyndale they would be improving his job. Nicolas also describes how the creation of King James Bible wasn’t an easy task and how they had to deal with the period of time that was characterized by a struggle: “between the demands for freedom of the individual conscience and the need for order and an imposed inheritance.” -Pg. xiii The moment was of transformation on believing in the pope or in the bible. Authors of Othello, Volpone, etc questioned the truth of power imposed on them. That was the nature of King James Bible, which wasn’t an easy task to accomplish in a time of doubts.

Thursday, September 25, 2008

Hereditary Skills

Resourcefulness is a characteristic human trait which Dædalus sure knows how to use. As he tries to escape from Minos, he shows us that being creative rather than being a pessimist will take you out of trouble in some situations. ““Minos may control the land and sea,” said Dædalus, “but not the regions of the air. I will try that way.”” He doesn’t stick to the ordinary human way of thinking that there is nothing left to do but complain.

The myth also shows how us that humans are always passing on knowledge of all that we have accomplished and learned from our life experience to our next generation. “Icarus, my son, I charge you to keep at a moderate height, for if you fly too low the damp will clog your wings, and if too high the heat will melt them. Keep near me and you will be safe.” We can also see how Dædalus is trying to protect his son, always knowing and advising what might happen. I also think it is a way to explain to children that they should pay attention to what their parents say because they always know something we don’t. It would save all of us a lot of pain and sad results if we
listened to those who have proven to be wiser and more experienced than ourselves.

Through the myth, we can also see that even when we are part of a great family, with exceptional members; we are each still independent and uniquely different individuals who have very different personal goals and interests. “Dædalus was so envious of his nephew’s performances that he took an opportunity, when they were together one day on the top of a high tower, to push him off.” We all have egoism and jealousy to a certain degree, and are all looking for things that benefit our own goals, but it doesn’t have to lead to such destructive, immoral behavior such as taking another’s life. Family/society must teach its members to reign in these intense negative rivalries and comparisons or else the whole fabric of society can become very violent and chaotic. Solidarity, compassion, sharing in the others achievements through sincere caring has to be nurtured and taught through example and through literature.

Wednesday, September 24, 2008

Cliché Titles and Plot Lines

Live Free or Die Hard
Mission Impossible
As Good as it Get’s
The Bucket List
Catch Me if You Can

An impossible love caused by family rivalry
A retired soldier who has to face his government
A space mission which ends in lost astronauts
The weakest saves the world
Aliens come to the world and destroy us

Words that Sound Alike Practice

1. Where is my jacket? I wanted to wear it today, and if I can't find it, we’re going to be late.

2. Jane wanted to go on the school trip, but her mother said that two hundred dollars was too much for the family budget.

3. As she waited for Rodney to become conscious, Selma was seized with an attack of conscience-- was there anything she could have done to prevent the accident?

4. The map led the intrepid treasure hunters to a lead box of precious stones.

5. Have you seen their coats? They’re going to need them; it's cold outside. I last saw the coats over there.

6. After conducting careful research, Shufang had a brilliant idea; she'd write a paper on Thomas More's ideal concept of the society in Utopia.

7. Even though Bob would rather play video games than study, he decided to hit the books and then play some Halo.

8. It’s easy to admire a business that puts so much effort into creating its signs and window displays.

9. You’re fortunate to have survived the car crash without a scratch; it must have been because you were wearing your seat belt.

10. I would advise you to seek qualified legal advice about how to handle this situation.

Tuesday, September 23, 2008

Perfect Wanting

I, like most people, have always wanted to have a perfect life, full of joy and accomplishments. People who have this type of goal always dream of how it would be if you had accomplished everything you desired. In Pygmalion’s case what he desired the most was to have the perfect woman as his wife. “He was a sculptor, and had made with wonderful skill a statue of ivory, so beautiful that no living woman came anywhere near it.” His desire was so perfect it couldn’t be compared with anything previously imagined. His desire was so perfect it couldn’t be created but with ivory.

After achieving knowledge on what you want, you start desiring, planning and doing everything that is in your hand to achieve your goal. Pygmalion desired passionately his perfect wife and asked the gods to help him in his quest for fulfillment. “Ye gods, who can do all things, give me, I pray you, for my wife.” As some people do, he went to the gods when he needed them, and worshiped them when he needed assurance that his goal would be achieved.

When we fulfill that perfect goal, we are incredibly joyous, millions of feelings pass through our mind, trying to assure us that we have achieved is completely real. “While he stands astonished and glad, though doubting, and fears he may be mistaken, again and again with a lover’s ardor he touches the object of his hopes.” We can see the relationship between this story and new “discoveries” such as those taught in movies like “The Secret”. We could even say that Pygmalion’s quest is the foundation of perfect desire and accomplishment.

Pre AP/AP Student Contract

I, ________David D’Achiardi____________, hereby understand and will abide by the Pre-AP/AP
(Print your name)
Academy’s expectations, obligations, and admission/drop policy outlined below with respect to my

admission status and standing in the Pre-AP/AP Course, ______________English________________.
(Print the name of the Pre-AP/AP Course)
Pre-AP/AP Academy Expectations;
• Maintain Acceptable GPA,
• Motivated and Positive,
• Responsible and Dedicated Work Ethic,
• Attend Opportunity Day and/or Additional Review Classes,
• Complete AP College Board Exam,
• Sign Pre-AP/AP Student Contract.

Pre-AP/AP Academy Admission/Drop Policy;
• First Progress Report with Teacher’s Signed Approval…receive no course credit,
• End of First Semester with Teacher’s Signed Approval…receive only partial course credit for grade of 6.0+. No partial credit will be awarded for any grade below 6.0,
• Students who Drop Pre-AP/AP Courses or who Do Not take the College Board AP Exam will have the Pre-AP/AP Designation for that course removed from their transcript and they will not receive any grade or GPA enhancement awarded for taking that Pre-AP/AP course.

Please note that at any time during the school year if the teacher deems that you are not meeting the expectations above for any or all reasons, then that teacher will require that you sign an additional academic probation contract. Your admission status and/or removal from the above identified Pre-AP Course will then be re-assessed based on your abiding by the academic probation contract signed and agreed to by you and the respective Pre-AP/AP Teacher.

Student Signature of Agreement,

_________David D’Achiardi________________________
Date: _______________09-23-08____________


Monday, September 22, 2008

Want Meets Satisfaction

All human beings have wants, some more intensely than others and some of these desires bring huge consequences. In the Midas case, I believe the author is trying to show, how sometimes when we finally get what we want, it isn’t what we expected at all, to the point of rejecting it completely. “In consternation at the unprecedented affliction, he strove to divest himself of his power; he hated the gift he had lately coveted.” Sometimes the process by which we achieve a goal is the important learning situation, not the long awaited goal itself. In fact, maybe we are wired in such a way by society, by anatomy, that we need that wanting, that hunger to get anything done at all.

Midas’ quest is an example of how, when we achieve only our material goals, which we have been suffering for, they don’t satisfy our needs as complete humans, specially those of community, culture, spirit, religion, philosophy, art and love. “Thenceforth Midas, hating wealth and splendor, dwelt in the country, and became a worshipper of Pan, the god of the fields.” When we realize that the world shouldn’t rotate around materialism we are taken towards the world of beliefs, the world of self-exploration and philosophy, a never-ending field of knowledge. It is a way to show the reader that materialism doesn’t guide you anywhere, it takes care of your physical being and opens opportunities to have the material means and hopefully the time to do what you really want to do. It is in human nature to try to find a greater good, an answer to questions, to create, read, travel and live new experiences. Midas’ description is also a guide to measure the power of our desires.

Midas also talks about disappointment, and when our goals and beliefs are flustered. “Mortified enough was King Midas at this mishap; but he consoled himself with the thought that it was possible to hide his misfortune.” We are always influenced by our societies context. Midas is also influenced by the consequences which he tries to deal with instead of accepting. It is like a family with a child born with Downs syndrome. Obviously, I have never been in that situation but I believe that it is very hard for the parents to accept the situation. Many marriages fail when faced with these challenges. Instead of trying to deal with it as if it were a problem, it could be looked at as an opportunity to try to love as creatively as possible this special person. It would also be a test for the spirit that you will probably need the community and family to help you, that you are not super-human and that you are not alone. Breaking down our ego by not getting the fulfillment of all our desires exactly as we ordered them, can also give us powerful breakthroughs that will make us grow into better human beings.

Sunday, September 21, 2008

A Love Full of Secrets

Cephalus and Procris describes how a love full of secrets and poor communication can lead to an unforgettable mistake. When Aurora is tempted by Cephalus’ beauty can be seen as the first secret that causes fissures between Cephalus and Pocris (who is already doubtful of his love). Greek mythology incorporates Aurora’s revenge for him to be unhappy with his wife as message of the lasting effect of one’s appetites and poor ability to accept rejection and the non-fulfillment of one’s passions. “Go, ungrateful mortal, keep your wife, whom, if I am not much mistaken, you will one day be very sorry you ever saw again.” I think this event shows how even Gods and super powers are nor exempt from behaving like fools. No matter how secure and powerful we can become, we will be at the mercy of our appetites, our attractions and “wanting” to possess more and more. If we do not learn how to control our desires and insatiable appetites and do not start living by some balanced, moral self-imposed rules, all we will do is create more chaos and suffering for ourselves and others. It is a real balancing act between living fully and taking intelligent, moral risks and learning to say “interesting how much I feel or want this or that BUT no, I’ll pass on this one”. One innately knows when something is headed the wrong path…

Procris is tempted to believe her husbands betrayal but she is not fully convinced by her messenger. “It cannot be true; I will not believe it unless I myself am a witness to it.” If their love was well based in the first place, she would be able to talk to her husband instead of trying to witness him betraying her. We can also see how humans are convinced by what they see but aren’t able to trust by word. Procris’ death and last words give us a special message which tells us to believe in our loved ones. “I implore you, if you have ever loved me, if I have ever deserved kindness at your hands, my husband, grant me this last request; do not marry that odious Breeze!” Procris teaches us that we shouldn’t be friends with doubtfulness and to not try to test a friendship or a marriage because you’ll end up alone. Instead you should learn to have a healthy relationship with yourself where you put limits on your own shadow behavior and also limits in what you will accept from others.

Another example of this message is how Cephalus ends with no company because of testing his dog, Lelaps who is turned into stone. “In the very attitude of life and action they were turned into stone. So lifelike and natural did they look, you would have thought, as you looked at them, that one was going to bark, the other to leap forward.” In a way Lelaps death marks the beginning of Cephalus’ lonely end.

One interesting last note is that the word cephalus means brain, so basically living too much planning and plotting and judging and testing with your head without giving any voice to your heart, your soul, your intuition may create a very lonely, joyless life.

Thursday, September 18, 2008

Impatient and Passionate Love

Cupid and Psyche’s love teaches the reader the importance of trust in any close, emotional relationship, and especially for love to prosper. Through Psyche’s quest we can say that people who are able to rely on others will gain their trust making it possible for there to be love. “Love cannot dwell with suspicion.” If you don’t trust your wife, relative, loved one or friend they won’t feel confident to love you and become vulnerable and open to you. If throughout your relationship you are always questioning the other person, doubting everything, you won’t be able to look beyond your suspicions and appreciate who that person is, visualize what you could have together, jump in and decide to start creating a real relationship. You can always end it if the person breaks your trust in an unforgivable way.

It is always said that in a relationship you have to give in order to receive. Cupid and Psyche aren’t the exception. In a way by accepting the other person and trusting them, you are giving them the gift of your heart, the gift of your trust, a new door to possibilities. “Drink this, Psyche, and be immortal; nor shall Cupid ever break away from the knot in which he is tied, but these nuptials shall be perpetual.” As Mercury blesses Psyche’s love she is moved to trust Cupid who constantly fulfills almost all her desires.

Cupid and Psyche give an important lesson of trust and acceptance which isn’t only the best way to win another person’s heart, it is the only way.

Tuesday, September 16, 2008

Impossible Love in Different Eras

Pyramus and Thisbe is similar to Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare by showing how love can be so tragic, treacherous and unforgiving. From the beginning one can connect how Shakespeare’s play is similar to that of Pyramus and Thisbe. “Their parents occupied adjoining houses; and neighborhood brought the young people together, and acquaintance ripened into love.” Being so close to each other yet these two young lovers’ families make it impossible for them to love each other. Society is suspicious and jealous of unconditional love, it seems to be only acceptable between mother and child or father and child, all other loves are scrutinized due to social class, religion, age, physical looks, power, skin color, political beliefs, education, social manners, mental abilities, financial differences, family lineage, race…without even mentioning individual tendencies…wow, it’s a wonder any love survives all these onslaughts!

The subject of love is always very present in Greek Mythology so I think it is the foundation to love stories’ archetypes and all of the underlying and dramatic problems that arise from this powerful force that seems godlike and magical and is capable of transforming mere mortals to giants.

As Thisbe commits suicide because of Pyramus’ death, one can connect the scene with that of Juliet in the cemetery, in which she prefers to die, than to live knowing that Romeo died for her and will no longer be there to love and be loved... “I too can be brave for once, and my love is as strong as thine. I will follow thee in death, for I have been the cause; and death which alone could part us shall not prevent my joining thee.” This eternal love took Pyramus and Thisbe to their death, which shows how passionate and addictive and deadly, love can be.

I would like to know who or what was Shakespeare’s inspiration for this story and how he was able to make it into a modern play. I suspect he was an avid reader of Greek mythology.

Monday, September 15, 2008

A Characteristic Human Trait

Gods were present in all of Greek mythology but in “Echo and Narcissus” it is obvious how Juno is used as a god with feelings of revenge and desire resulting in her conclusion of sentencing Echo. “When Juno discovered it, she passed sentence upon Echo in these words: “You shall forfeit the use of that tongue with which you have cheated me, except for that one purpose you are so fond of—reply. You shall still have the last word, but no power to speak first.” ”

Using Echo’s story, Greek mythology is able to describe a phenomenon. The character of Echo is used as a tool for people to understand the nature of this natural phenomenon. “With that she is still ready to reply to any one who calls her, and keeps up her old habit of having the last word.” Greeks science is in part saved and preserved through their mythology which is an immortal proof of their scientific achievements.

Self-absorption has always been a problem in our society. We are not capable to accept another’s special and unique traits if it isn’t beneficial to our personal goals and wants. There is no other better example as that of Narcissist, who wasn’t able to see greater beauty than that in himself. “He fell in love with himself.” It wasn’t beneficial for him to accept Echo’s love and admiration for him but as he finds beauty in himself he accepts that if he was pretty enough for the Nymphs why wouldn’t he for another creature? “ “Why, beautiful being, do you shun me? Surely my face is not one to repel you. The nymphs love me, and you yourself look not indifferent upon me.” He shows one of human’s problematic characteristic of believing that one is the best and the only beauty there is. Our society teaches us to believe other’s comments only if they are beneficial and necessary, we are not open to positive criticism or any other type of opinion.
It is a lot easier to be a narcissist than to live a conscious, inclusive life where one is aware of self and others in a harmonious, fair but creative way.
Reaching an equilibrium between self and others and not just echoing what society tells us to be is what life is all about, its pain and its pleasure.

Tuesday, September 9, 2008

Mythology: a Woman World too

Calypso shows how important women were in all mythology. Being a godlike sea-nymph, Calypso shows to us how gods in Greek mythology interact with humans all the time in what has to do with love, future and decisions. Her love towards Ulysses shows how women are passionate and persistent in what has to do with love. “Calypso received Ulysses hospitably, entertained him magnificently, became enamoured of him, and wished to retain him forever, conferring on him immortality.” Calypso is an example of how female love is present throughout Greek mythology with intense stories of forbidden love, obsessive attractions, disappointment, rejection and tragedies. These are the royal soap operas of antiquity.

Calypso was hard-working and devoted to Ulysses, even if he was to leave her. “She supplied Ulysses with the means of constructing a raft, provisioned it well for him, and gave him a favoring gale.” One can extract how important love is for women, and how superficial men’s love is. Calypso was also interested in Ulysses son, which is a clue to the age of gods in relationship with humans. This is also an example of how love in Greek mythology was open to sudden mood swings. “Among other places at which he arrived, following on his father’s footsteps, was Calypso’s isle, and, as in the former case, the goddess tried every art to keep him with her, and offered to share her immortality with him.” This part of offering immortality gives us the idea of how the gods are open to negotiation and will use any benefits and means they have to reach what they want.

I hope to learn more about Calypso and other female immortals, what they thought, felt and accomplished and the deep, eternal lessons and intense drama and entertainment they have for us even today. These stories confer timeless immortality to these characters and show us our similarity to the divine.

Monday, September 8, 2008

A Dive into Mythology

Bulfinch’s mythology is full of special messages ready to be discovered. This great variety of myths teaches us valuable lessons with what has to do with our goals, and our relationship with the gods. The first one I read was the Sphinx or the story of Edipo which shows us that we have to be more thoughtful in our decisions and our answers to daily questions as he was to the question of the Sphinx. “Man, who in childhood creeps on hands and knees, in manhood walks erect, and in old age with the aid of a staff.” –The Sphinx He shows that sometimes it isn’t the difficulty of a question but our deficiency to understand it. It is interesting to know the influence each mythological creature had in a community’s beliefs as the centaurs were very important in the Greek culture, it was one of the few animal-creatures who were half-human and fully accepted as equals to the human species. Dryope gave me the same message as Edipo did, of being more open-minded and aware of other’s. If Dryope hadn’t been so self-centered to destroy another species body, she wouldn’t have suffered the terrible consequences she went through.

Difference has always been an important conversation topic. Being little, as the pygmies, doesn’t take any importance away from these special mythological creatures who appear in Homer, and Milton’s writings who will pass along in culture for centuries to come. Griffins are a type of bird native to India in mythology. Every character has to have a special trait, in these birds it is their nests made of gold. I believe it is important to know a little about our past and other cultures’ mythologies, this is why I believe Griffins have an important role as a character in Greek mythology. Penelope is the mother cause of our modern expression of things that are done to never be finished as she had to do to wait for her husband Ulysses without getting married. “This is the famous Penelope’s web, which is used as a proverbial expression for anything which is perpetually doing but never done.” –Penelope We can see how other’s ideas will always have an effect on generations to come. Mythology has a unique and lasting value because it is a special colorful, creative, dramatic and memorable format for teaching and questioning patterns, morals, valuable ideas and universal wisdom, which I look forward to continue enjoying, by reading and studying for the rest of my life.

Sunday, September 7, 2008

Come to Love and to be Loved

The author of the poem gets to the reader through an example of what death brings to us. He answers the last QUESTion (Where are we going?) through a deep and meaningful tablet which is open to interpretation. I think what he is trying to show is that we’re here to give and receive love, company and friendship. I say this because he gives us the example of two companions, Enkidu and Gilgamesh, each of them try to do the impossible to satisfy each other, Gilgamesh goes to Utnapishtim to try to save Enkidu while Enkidu tries to go to the Nether world for Gilgamesh’s drum and drum-stick. “Enkidu heard what Gilgamesh was saying, and said, his servant, then, to Gilgamesh: ‘I will bring up the drumstick from bellow, I will bring the drum back from the Nether world.” -Pg. 83 Using nature as an obstacle for their relationship, Enkidu shows how he is ready to risk his body for Gilgamesh.

As Gilgamesh asks Enkidu about how was the people’s life in the Nether world, Enkidu answers what he saw about each of the people’s life quality. “How is it with the man who has seven sons? ‘As if he were a companion of the gods he sits upon a throne and listens to music.’ ” –Pg. 92 “The one who goes to the Nether world without leaving behind him any to mourn for him? ‘Garbage is what he eats in the Nether world. No dog would eat the food he has to eat.’ ” –Pg. 92 The whole point the author shows is that people who had a great relationship with the community had better lives there. In a way, they created a positive energy with others who were open to being helpful after they passed away. They left people whose hearts would never forget them, instead those who weren’t open to others were finally left behind. The author gets to the reader’s heart leaving a powerful and deep message that I will never forget.

Thursday, September 4, 2008

Death as an Advisor

Death is a subject that people avoid, maybe because they are afraid of it, mostly because they are ignorant about it. Without knowing what will come after death how do we know if our life in this world is better than what comes after this life? What is there to prevent or fear? Gilamesh’s adventure with Utnapishtim shows us that man has always and will always try to defeat death, control the unknown, searching eternity. “Time after time the river has risen and flooded. The insect leaves the cocoon but to live a minute. How long is the eye to look at the sun? From the very beginning nothing at all has lasted.” -Pg. 64 Going against the flowing river currents all of your life is harder than accepting they will take you to the sea. It is better to have death as your ally, to live a more conscious life, than killing your life by fearing and fighting the inevitable reality of THE END. Through this tablet one gains perspective on how our civilization will come to its end, as everything and everyone, it has to follow a cycle of life and death. “There they established that there is life and death. The day of death is set, though not made known.” –Pg. 64 All of our activities follow a certain pattern that we all know about. That is the reason why death is so mysterious, we just don’t know how, where, when and why will it happen and even more amazing if there is anything after that unavoidable event.

In tablet ten, we can understand what was the author’s perspective on the QUESTions. I would say that he thought that we were here to fulfill a process, to accept death as the final product of our lives. He also probably thought that we got here through a process of evolution of our concepts, a change in our ways of life through competition with other species. I say this because of Utnapishtim’s story of how he got to be a god. Since this story shows how our society grew and was erased it probably means that we are always changing our goal in life, our perspective around the idea of death. Through Gilgamesh’s last words, he explains the whole concept the author tries to show. He uses Gilgamesh’s city as an example of what we should do with our world. “measure Uruk, the city of Gilgamesh.” –Pg. 82 As he asks the boatman to measure his city, which was his habitat, his way of life, he asks the reader to measure our world, to not be frightened by the idea of death, to grow consciousness and live fully by gaining perspective of what we all are responsible for, for a short time at least, our life, our planet, our world.

Wednesday, September 3, 2008

Loss meets Depression

I have never had such a huge personal loss as Gilgamesh had through Enkidu’s death, but I can say that this did affect him and the whole tone of the book intensely. These two tablets are very different from the rest because they show Gilgamesh’s weaknesses and it also shows how he lost the enthusiasm and optimism he had in the beginning of the poem. Something that caught my attention, was the fact that the author connects Gilgamesh’s feelings and reactions to Enkidu’s death as those of a woman. “weeping for him as if I were a woman.” -Pg. 44 One can see how our society’s sexist attitudes start from it’s roots. It is clear how Enkidu’s and Gilgamesh’s relationship was so close because they fought and won together, they were in danger and in pain together, they shared many intense moments together that they became bound forever. Gilgamesh shows this through his desire to build him a statue and his comments about Enkidu’s life which give a sense of melancholy. “You wore the garments suitable for a prince. You sat in the place of honor nearest the king.” (Pg. 47)

Another difference from the other tablets is that, in these, instead of the poem leading you to Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is the one who directs the plot to the different reactions he had concerning Enkidu. His grievance gets worse and he shows his despair through questions he asks himself about what he should do and what should he feel. “Enkidu has died. Must I die too? Must Gilgamesh be like that?” -Pg. 48 As Gilgamesh travels through the tunnel in the mountains, he speaks about what he will do in future adventures as without Enkidu. He doesn’t have someone to share and talk to, so he speaks to himself but it only shows that every second that passes he is just more frightened and longs more for Enkidu. “Two people, who are companions, they … !”

How will the sea affect the poem? What will Gilgamesh find here? Will Enkidu appear again in the story? What will Gilgamesh do?

Comma Exercises

Exercise 1
He left the scene of the accident and tried to forget that it had happened.

Oil, which is lighter than water, rises to the surface.

Madame de Stael was an attractive, gracious lady.

Nice is a word with many meanings, and some of them are contradictory.

The contractor testified that the house was completed and that the work had been done properly.

Some people refuse to go to the zoo because of pity for creatures that must live in small cages.

Taxicabs that are dirty are illegal in some cities.

The closet contained worn clothes, old shoes, and dirty hats.

The uninvited guest wore a dark, blue, tweed suit.

After surviving this ordeal, the trapper felt relieved.

Mark Twain's early novels, I believe, stand the test of time.

December 7, 1941, will never be forgotten.

The field was safe enough, wasn't it?

Write the editor of the Atlantic 8, Arlington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116.

He replied, "I have no idea what you mean."

After a good washing and grooming, the pup looked like a new dog.

Because of their opposition to institutions that force creatures to live in captivity, some people refuse to go to the zoo.

Men who are bald are frequently the ones who are the most authoritative on the subject of baldness.

Vests which were once popular have been out of vogue for several years.

As a celestial goddess, she regulated the course of the heavenly bodies and controlled the alternating seasons.

I hope that some day, he will learn how to be polite.

Exercise 2
1. There was no question that John's painting, a huge, colorful, and ugly mural, was the worst entry in the art exhibit.

2. Werner von Braun, Willy Ley, and Edward Teller noted authorities in the field of rocket development, have done much to guide the missile program of the United States.

3. Mr. Cready's ability to say the wrong thing at the wrong time is, I believe, amazing.

4. Running around, the house the dog was abruptly stopped by a fence.

5. If the opposition should win, our candidate would never have any political future.

6. Gracefully, lightly, and daintily, the ballerina moved across the stage.

7. Glamour, the woman's fashion magazine, recently incorporated with Charm, another fashion journal.

8. Joe was born on May 7, 1955, and his best friend was born exactly two months later, on July 7, 1955.

9. Mr. and Mrs. Kwon, my parents' best friends, sat in front of us at the football game.

10. November 11, 1918, the armistice ending World War I was signed.

Exercise 3
1. The problems involved in this operation are, I think, numerous.

2. Celene, who does not usually tell anyone what she feels, said she didn't want to go to the dance.

3. To get tickets for some Broadway musicals, one has to order three months in advance.

4. Listening to the radio, Jun heard an announcement that Spangler, his own dog, was lost.

5. I used to live at 16689 Sutton Avenue, Milpitas, California, but we have since moved to 1895 Holland Way, Dubuque, Iowa.

6. The Valley of the Moon, the name of a section in Napa County, California, is the heart of the state's wine producing area.

7. Chris did not see how he could organize, write, and proofread this paper in only two hours.

8. By the pilings of the old pier, I found four starfish, a clam, and a sea anemone.

9. Yes, Helen did mention that all three of you were coming for lunch.

10. I believe, therefore, that fraternities are good influences on a college campus.

Tuesday, September 2, 2008

Under Gods’ Influence

It is clear how gods have always had an importance in history with what has to do with the right and the wrong way but in this tablet, the gods are the main plot. Gilgamesh’s relationship with the gods gives us an idea of how people and rulers used the gods to represent everything in their daily lives.
After Gilgamesh rejects Ishtar, it is clear how peoples’ future were in the hands of the gods. In my personal life, the gods take an important role in what I do but they don’t have a direct relationship with me. One could say they are our models but they aren’t personalities. Through repetition, the narrator gets the reader’s attention on how powerful something is. For example, when they talk about the effect the Bull of Heaven had on the earth. “Euphrates shook. The city of Uruk shook and the earth broke open under the great bull noise.” -Pg. 33 This gives a special importance to the magnificence of the bull and how the brother’s made a great effort to destroy him.

Friends as close as Gilgamesh and Enkidu are hard to find. Being helpful with a friend is something completely different to risking your life to protect your close one’s life. “The life of man is short, let us contend with the bull of Heaven, and Win” –Pg. 34 “Two people, companions, they can prevail together.” -Pg. 34 They give each other what they need to surpass each barrier that life puts in front of them. “Why I am left to live while my brother dies? Why should he die while I am spared to live?” -Pg. 38 Gilgamesh shows indifference for life or death. As he speaks one easily catches that living is irrelevant if he doesn’t live with Enkidu. The tragic ending of Enkidu shows how one is completely incompetent when somebody is dying. It is as if our blood freezes or we just have nothing to say. “Gilgamesh, who encouraged me in the battle, saying, ‘Two people, companions, they can prevail,’ Gilgamesh is afraid and does not help me!” –Pg. 43 Their unity and friendship was broken by ignorance and fear which not only resulted in Enkidu’s death but a complete shift of energy to our poem.

I still don’t know the concrete idea of the poem, as one would, in a linear story. I hope to find out more of Gilgamesh’s character and traits in the next tablets. What is Gilgamesh’s next mission?

OWL Sentence Fragments Exercises 2 and 3

Sentence Fragments: Exercise 2
1. How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club.

How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago, in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club dedicated their music to our flag.

2. For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.

For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. I mean "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.

3. For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans who feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder. Adding worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.

For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans who feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder resulting in worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.

4. Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face. As if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.

Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face as if she's lonely, and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.

5. A president is an appointed leader. Someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. Just hopefully assumes. Assumes through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.

A president is an appointed leader, someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. This just hopefully assumes, through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.

Sentence Fragments: Exercise 3

my brother was always my best friend when I was a child especially as we two were almost alone in the world we lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country whenever I think of him now I see a solemn, responsible boy a boy too old for his years who looked out for me no matter what once there was a bully John Anson who looked enormous to me though he was probably an average twelve-year-old John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant who liked me he decided to beat me up right before her eyes I was lucky my brother came by he didn't interfere any he just stood there somehow though his presence gave me confidence I licked the stuffing out of John Anson if my brother hadn't been there I don't think I could have done it.



My brother was always my best friend when I was a child, especially as we two were almost alone in the world. We lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country. Whenever I think of him now, I see a solemn, responsible boy, too old for his years, who looked out for me no matter what. Once, there was a bully, John Anson, who looked enormous to me though he was probably an average twelve-year-old, John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant, who liked me. He decided to beat me up right before her eyes. I was lucky my brother came by, he didn't interfere any, he just stood there. Somehow, though, his presence gave me confidence. I licked the stuffing out of John Anson. If my brother hadn't been there, I don't think I could have done it.

Enkidu: A copy or an original

1. Hairy: “Enkidu, the hairy-bodied” -Pg. 5
2. Savage: “wild man of the grasslands” -Pg. 5
3. Strong: “powerful as Ninuarta, the god of war.” -Pg. 5
4. Nature-filled: “He feeds upon the grasslands with gazelles.” –Pg. 5
5. Majestic: “beautiful as a god.” -Pg. 9

Monday, September 1, 2008

Dreams of Interpretation

Enkidu and Gilgamesh follow the path to the Cedar forest as no other human would. They walk in three days what a normal person would travel in three weeks. “The two of them traveled fifty leagues a day, never resting except at night trying to rest, stopping only once a day to eat; in three days’ walk a hundred and fifty leagues, a three weeks’ walk for an ordinary man.” -Pg. 21 The author shows how these travelers are completely out of the ordinary in what has to do with physical resistance and cooperation. Through their travel to the cedar forest, each one helps with what he is good at. They both dug a well to drink, Enkidu constructed a shelter for them to sleep and Gilgamesh prayed to the gods for protection. The story shows how it is easier to survive through team work and cooperation.

At night, both Enkidu and Gilgamesh have dreams which involve being damaged by a greater power, which they interpret as Huwawa. “In the dream I had; a great bull was thrashing over my body in glory, and bellowing over me, me helpless in the ground; the breath of the bull snout breathed on me.” This is a historical example of how dreams have always been part of our human culture especially what has to do with their interpretations. Some cultures give more importance to dreams than others. The travelers think these dreams are fortunate because they mean they can destroy Huwawa in battle and that they have Shamash’s blessing. Through these tablets there is a lot of repetition in what has to do with their activities and responses to their actions and feelings.

In accordance with the first three tablets, the story shows its close relationship to the gods, which are useful and beneficial to Gilgamesh and Enkidu. Gilgamesh is praying and asking for help throughout their journey which shows how we look for the gods’ help when we feel it necessary. “Gilgamesh, weeping, prayed to the god Shamash: “Be mindful of the promise asked in Uruk. Guard and protect those who go on your errand, to kill the daemon hateful to the god. Protect us as we pass through fearfulness.” ” –Pg. 25 Gilgamesh also shows that it doesn’t matter how brave, tough and majestic you are, you will always have doubts that can only be answered by your beliefs. Another aspect of self-awareness in the text is how people who are in great terror seek their own words for assurance of what they are doing. “ “The life of man is short.” “Helpless is he who enters the forest.” “Protect us as we pass through fearfulness.” “Where is the strength, the courage?” ” -Pg. 26 “Two people, companions, can prevail the together against the terror.” –Pg. 27 This was the secret to their victory, the awareness that anything is possible and that you are capable of doing anything.

Through their victory, I learned how one can achieve one’s goals only through perseverance. Will the gods give more tests to these two travelers? Where is the book trying to head us to? What will the people of Uruk think about their victory?